Danger

This is a “Hazardous Materials” module. You should ONLY use it if you’re 100% absolutely sure that you know what you’re doing because this module is full of land mines, dragons, and dinosaurs with laser guns.

Cipher-based message authentication code (CMAC)

Cipher-based message authentication codes (or CMACs) are a tool for calculating message authentication codes using a block cipher coupled with a secret key. You can use an CMAC to verify both the integrity and authenticity of a message.

A subset of CMAC with the AES-128 algorithm is described in RFC 4493.

class cryptography.hazmat.primitives.cmac.CMAC(algorithm, backend=None)

New in version 0.4.

CMAC objects take a BlockCipherAlgorithm instance.

>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import cmac
>>> from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers import algorithms
>>> c = cmac.CMAC(algorithms.AES(key))
>>> c.update(b"message to authenticate")
>>> c.finalize()
b'CT\x1d\xc8\x0e\x15\xbe4e\xdb\xb6\x84\xca\xd9Xk'

If the backend doesn’t support the requested algorithm an UnsupportedAlgorithm exception will be raised.

If algorithm isn’t a BlockCipherAlgorithm instance then TypeError will be raised.

To check that a given signature is correct use the verify() method. You will receive an exception if the signature is wrong:

>>> c = cmac.CMAC(algorithms.AES(key))
>>> c.update(b"message to authenticate")
>>> c.verify(b"an incorrect signature")
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
cryptography.exceptions.InvalidSignature: Signature did not match digest.

Parameters

• algorithm – An instance of BlockCipherAlgorithm.

• backend – An optional instance of CMACBackend.

Raises

• TypeError – This is raised if the provided algorithm is not an instance of BlockCipherAlgorithm

• cryptography.exceptions.UnsupportedAlgorithm – This is raised if the provided backend does not implement CMACBackend

update(data)

Parameters

data (bytes) – The bytes to hash and authenticate.

Raises

• cryptography.exceptions.AlreadyFinalized – See finalize()

• TypeError – This exception is raised if data is not bytes.

copy()

Copy this CMAC instance, usually so that we may call finalize() to get an intermediate value while we continue to call update() on the original instance.

Returns

A new instance of CMAC that can be updated and finalized independently of the original instance.

Raises

cryptography.exceptions.AlreadyFinalized – See finalize()

verify(signature)

Finalize the current context and securely compare the MAC to signature.

Parameters

signature (bytes) – The bytes to compare the current CMAC against.

Raises

• cryptography.exceptions.AlreadyFinalized – See finalize()

• cryptography.exceptions.InvalidSignature – If signature does not match digest

• TypeError – This exception is raised if signature is not bytes.

finalize()

Finalize the current context and return the message authentication code as bytes.

After finalize has been called this object can no longer be used and update(), copy(), verify() and finalize() will raise an AlreadyFinalized exception.

Return bytes

The message authentication code as bytes.

Raises

cryptography.exceptions.AlreadyFinalized –